Abnormal Pap Smear Follow-Up Care
An abnormal Pap smear result can feel alarming, but it is common and usually very treatable. At Marina OB/GYN, our board-certified providers explain what your results mean, recommend the right next steps, and provide in-office follow-up care including colposcopy and treatment of abnormal cervical cells.
Book OnlineWhat Does an Abnormal Pap Smear Mean?
A Pap smear screens for changes in the cells of the cervix. An abnormal result means some cells look different than expected under the microscope. In most cases, these changes are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), a very common infection that the immune system often clears on its own. Abnormal results are not a cancer diagnosis, but they do signal that closer monitoring or treatment may be needed to keep your cervix healthy.
Common Types of Abnormal Results
- ASC-US: Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, the most common and mildest finding.
- LSIL: Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, usually linked to an active HPV infection.
- HSIL: High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, which needs prompt follow-up because it is more likely to progress.
- AGC: Atypical glandular cells, which require further evaluation of the cervix and sometimes the uterus.
Next Steps After an Abnormal Pap Smear
Your follow-up plan depends on your age, your HPV test results, and your screening history. Some women simply need a repeat Pap and HPV test in a year. Others benefit from a colposcopy, an in-office exam that uses magnification to look closely at the cervix and take a small biopsy if needed. If precancerous cells are confirmed, treatment options such as cryotherapy can remove abnormal tissue before it becomes a problem.
Reducing Your Risk
Routine screening is the most effective way to prevent cervical cancer. The HPV vaccine, using condoms, and not smoking all lower the risk of abnormal cell changes. Your provider can also discuss birth control options and sexual health screening during your well-woman visit.
Compassionate Follow-Up Care
Hearing that your Pap smear is abnormal can be stressful. Our team explains your results clearly, answers your questions, and guides you through every step. With offices in Marina Del Rey, Hawthorne, South Gate, Carson, Long Beach, Torrance, and Los Angeles, follow-up care is always close by. Learn more about other conditions we treat or see our full list of OB/GYN services.
Abnormal Pap Smear FAQs
Does an abnormal Pap smear mean I have cancer?
No. Most abnormal Pap results are caused by HPV-related cell changes that are not cancer. Follow-up testing helps determine whether any treatment is needed.
What causes an abnormal Pap smear?
The most common cause is HPV. Inflammation, infection, and hormonal changes can also cause abnormal results.
Will I need a colposcopy?
Not always. Depending on your results and history, your provider may recommend a repeat test or a colposcopy to look more closely at the cervix.
Is a colposcopy painful?
Most women feel mild pressure or cramping, similar to a Pap smear. If a biopsy is taken, you may feel a brief pinch.
How are abnormal cervical cells treated?
Mild changes often resolve on their own. Persistent or higher-grade changes can be removed with procedures such as cryotherapy.
Can I get pregnant after treatment for abnormal cells?
Yes. Most women can have healthy pregnancies after treatment. Let your provider know if you are planning a pregnancy.
How often should I have a Pap smear?
Screening intervals depend on your age and history. Most women ages 21 to 65 need a Pap test every three years, or co-testing with HPV every five years after age 30.